Twishimira twese amazina ababyeyi bacu baduhaye. Na bamwe muri twe bafite amazina bihitiriyemo bo ubwabo bwite, bamaze kuba abasore cyangwa se inkumi, nabo bakunda ayo mazina mashya bafashe.

Gusa twakwibaza niba tujya tubona umwanya wo gutekereza kucyo yaba asobanuye cyangwa se inkomoko yayo.

Ese nk’amazina Rwakayijuka, Kayijuka, Kalisa cyangwa se Umulisa mwaba muzi aho akomoka cyangwa se icyo asobonuye?

Kugira ngo mbatere irungu ryo kumenya andi mazina, ndagira ngo mbanze mbabwire ko nk’izina “Akagera” (mu Rwanda hari umugezi witwa Akagera) ryaba rikomoka ku ijambo omugyera (emigyera) = river (rivers) mu rurimi rw’ikinyankore-gikiga.

Twibukiranye ko umugezi wa Nyabarongo uhindura izina ukitwa Akagera iyo umuze guhura n’uriya ukomoka i Burundi witwa Ruvubu (niba nibuka neza), muri kariya karere k’iburasirazuba.

Kera, u Rwanda rutaraba u Rwanda tuzi ubu, hariya iburasirazuba havugirwagamo indimi zijya gusa n’igihaya cyo muri Tanzaniya. Igihaya kandi cyegeranye cyane n’ikinyankore.

Birashoboka ko abantu muri icyo gihe bavugaga bati: dore akagera! (aribyo bivuga ngo dore akagezi, mu kinyarwanda cy’ubu).

Uru rubuga rero ni urwacu twese dukunda ikinyarwanda n’umuco nyarwanda: twaba dutuye mu Rwanda cg (cg=cyangwa) se mu bindi bihugu hirya no hino ku isi.

Ikiduhuza ni kimwe: ni urukundo dufitiye umuco wacu n’ururimi rwacu. Ntabwo ari ngombwa rwose kugira ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda kugira ngo ube ufite umuco nyarwanda: hari benshi bafite ubwenegihugu bwa Kongo Kinshasa, Uganda, Tanzaniya, Burundi n’ahandi henshi ariko bakaba bakomeye ko muco nyarwanda.

Icyo mbasaba ni ukumfasha gukusanya amazina nyarwanda; yayandi usanga agoranye kumenya icyo asobanuye

(amazina nka: Umurerwa, Umuraza, Kubwimana, Sibomana, Umuhire, … twese tuzi icyo asobanuye), kugira ngo niba hari abayiswe bamenye icyo asobanuye. Niba hari umubyeyi wise umwana we izina iri n’iri akatubwira impamvu yarihisemo n’icyo rivuga. Namwe bandi mufite amazina mutazi icyo asobanuye mubaze ababyeyi, nyuma muzabitugezeho.

Mbere yo kurangiza iyi ntangiro y’uru rubuga ariko ndagira ngo mbanze mbisegure: ntabwo ndi uwazobereye mu bushakashatsi bw’umuco nyarwanda cg se mu bushakashatsi bw’ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda. Ni nayo mpamvu nagize nti reka twese dutahirize ku mugozi umwe muri iyi ngamba yo gusobanukirwa n’amazina nyarwanda, ndetse binashobotse no gukusanyiriza hamwe amagambo y’ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda. Biroroshye cyane kwicara hamwe ukemanga ibyo abandi bakoze cg se bakora, nyamara wowe ubwawe uri ahongaho gusa unebwa, ntacyo wungura abandi. Bene abo ntabwo tuzigera tubatega amatwi, ahubwo bizatuma dukomeza uyu mugambi wo kungurana ibitekerezo ku birebana na bimwe bijyanye n’ururimi rwacu.

Hari igihe njya nibaza nti bishoboka bite ko ururimi ruvugwa n’abantu bagera cg se barenze miliyoni 20 (twibuke ko ikinyarwanda cg indimi zisa cyane n’ikinyarwanda zitavugwa gusa mu Rwanda: ndibuka ko mu gihe nigaga ururimi rw’igishinwa i Beijing, ariwo murwa mukuru w’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa, hari abanyeshuri bakomoka mu gihugu cya Zambiya batubwiraga ko bumva byinshi mu byo twavugaga. Aba ariko ntitwabashyira muri ziriya miliyoni 20 navuze haruguru: izi miliyoni zigizwe n’abaturage batuye kariya gace kiswe “Akarere k’ibiyaga bigari”) ariko umuntu akaba adashobora kubona “ikoranyamagambo ry’ikinyarwanda” kuri Internet!

Nta muntu ushobora kwihandagaza ngo avuge ko amagambo y’ikinyarwanda yose azi icyo asobanura. Ikindi kandi bamwe muri twe ntabwo dutuye muri kariya karere k’ibiyaga bigari, ku buryo hari igihe umuntu ahura n’ijambo iri n’iri atazi icyo risobanura akabura uwo abaza, cg se na wa wundi wumva ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda begeranye ugasanga na we adasobanukiwe. Niyo mpamvu hagombye kuboneka umuntu wazobereye mu bushakashatsi bw’indimi kandi ufite ubushake kugira ngo adukemurire iki kibazo.

Hari undi wagize igitekerezo cyo kwandika ku muco Nyarwanda,

Muri rusange. Njye kuri uru rubuga nifuje ko twakwibanda ku mazina nyarwanda, tukayasobanura ku buryo burambuye.

Mu nyandiko ziza gukurikira hari aho tuza kuvuga ngo ijambo iri n’iri rifitanye isano n’ururimi rw’ikinyankore (abanyankore bita ururimi rwabo urunyankore). Ubundi twagombye kuvuga runyakore-rukiga, mu magambo abiri ahujwe n’akarongo gatambitse.

Twasanze gukoresha ariya magambo abiri byajijisha kandi icyo tugamije ari ugusobanura ku buryo bwumvikana kuri bose, ntakwibaza ibindi bibazo. Kubafite amatsiko, abakiga bita ururimi rwabo urukiga naho abanyankore bakita ururimi rwabo urunyankore. Izi ndimi zombi rero zirasa cyane, kimwe nk’ikinyarwanda n’ikirundi.

Urutonde rw’amazina wakita umwana wawe, nuko ayo mazina asobanura

Bideri:
Iri zina ryaba riva ku ijambo ry’icyongereza “model”. Ubwo umubyeyi aba yifuza ko umwana yagira isura nziza, akagira ubwiza. (Uwaba yitwa iri zina yatugezaho igisobanuro nyacyo)

Bwasisi:

Bikindi:

Bagaza:
the food spoiler

Bagirishya:
the ones who are lucky

Bakarishonga:
they get tough when it starts melting

Barakana:
they dry the animal’s skin

Barikungeri:
they are at the river

Bavugirije:
they say whatever they hear

Bazatoha:
they will grow

Bazimya:
the annihilator (of the ennemy)

Benda:
they take

Beraho:
look elegant there

Bicura:
he who forges

Binama:
the place where cows warm themselves in the morning

Birasa:
the great shooter

Bisamaza:
he who excites people

Bisangwa:
he who always has guests

Biseruka:
he who goes out fast

Biseseme:
the disgusting one

Bucagu:
torn pieces

Bucyana:
the day breaks with

Bucyanayandi:
the day breaks with new things

Bugingo:
life

Bugirande:
who does it

Buhigiro:
object of competition

Bukuba:
thunder

Bumari:
wealth

Buregeya:
the one with extra fingers

Busanane:
isanane ni udusimba dukunda kugwa (bavuga ko isanane zaguye) mu kwezi kwa cumi n’abiri. Ibi bikunda kubone mu duce tumwe two mu Bugoyi.

Bushayija (reba izina Gashayija ku bisobanuro birebire):
manhood

Busyeti:

Buzizi:
umuzizi plant

Bwakira:
he who receives

Bwankoko:
owner of chickens

Bwimba:
the great digger

Byagutunga:
he who owns a lot

Byemero:
he whose identity is not questioned

Candari:
cithare melody

Coca:
hammer!

Condo:
shield

Cyibukayire:
he who has a good memory

Cyigenza:
he who rules himself

Cyirima:
he who toils himself

Cyimana:
of god

Cyitatire:
he who spies for himself

Amazina Nyarwanda yasobanukirwe

Musekura:

Iri zina rihabwa umwana uvutse ari umuhungu. Rituruka ku nshinga gusekura; iyi nshinga ikaba ifitanye n’isano n’inshinga guseka. Umwana bamwita Musekura rero kubera ko aba aje gutinyura ababyeyi (bashobora kuba barasekwaga kubera ko abana ba mbere babaga ari abakobwa, dore ko mu Rwanda rwo hambere bashyiraga agaciro kanini ku mwana w’umuhungu.

Ibi byaterwaga n’uko umukuru w’umuryango yabaga ari umwana w’umuhungu, bityo iyo mu muryango hatabonekaga nibura umwana umwe w’umuhungu byabaga ari ingorane zikomeye). Umwana w’umuhungu ni we wasimburaga se (mu gihe yabaga yitabye Imana). 

Mpambara:

Iri zina rikomoka ku ijambo impambara, aribyo bivuga ubutwari.

RUBANGURANDEKWE
by Rukemampunzi

Rubangurandekwe induru ivuze
Ngo Indengabaganizi dutere impunyu
Ababyirukanye impuhwe bakiri I Mpinga
Rwa Mpabuka
Ndi Ruhanga rw’impenzi
Mpurura mbere n’impambara
N’impamanya ya Nyampame
Murabaze Impayamaguru
Azi ko ndi impanzi y’umugabo.

Ngira umugambi wo gutabara
Iyo mfite Rutubahintanage mu ntoki
Mu ntambara intwari zayigize Rukangamiheto
N’iyo nigirije umugara w’inkota mu bitugu
Rutemigitero njya kuyuhira umutuku

Nayitikuye mwene Rwasimitana hejuru y’umutima
Ayimishaho ibitenga
Ikirindi cyamutebeye mo
Atemba ukubiri n’umutarati we
Uwo mutambya ubarara kure.

Abakoni biruka bawutanguranwa
Bati: Tujye kwishorereza iminyago
None nyirayo aguye
Maze kumugarika ku rugamba
Mwubusisibona ubwo abaye urugabano rw’intambara
Ndangamira intantu ze
Nshyikiriye inturugunyu
Intimburanyi
Ndayitema
Abanyamiheto bose ntawe ungisha impaka.

Imbambanarubango
Mba mu z’Impamirizagushyika
Yazinshyize mo azi ko ntagira amakenga
N’izina ryanjye nitwa Rukemampunzi
Impuruza ntisiba kumpamagara
Ngo njye gufata umubisha mpiri.

Ndi impame y’umusore
Musinga azi ko ndi ingabo y’imbere
Naricumise umuntu wa Basebya
Muheza mu irasaniro
Maze kumugira uw’ibisiga
Urugenya rwe ndarusandaza
Imisumbi nasize ari inkungu
Nkurikira ababo nshaka uwa kabiri.

Gaju y’akamu ni ko nabaye
Umwami mpora mugirira akamaro
Ntwara iryishe Kabaganyi na Kanywamaraso
Yombi akunda gusohoka.
Yandutiye imisakura
Sinasiga mu ntagara
Iyo numvise intabaza
Ampimbara mu ntoki
Ntazi guhemba nk’intanage
Mu ntambara yo ku Rusumo
Nayamajije Abasakure
Nagiye imbere y’ingabo na Rwubusisi
Abo Banyabusoro ntihasigaye n’uw’indamyi.

Barazumva induru abo kuri Ndego
Ngo: Kwa Ndungutse
Bamaze n’Indengabaganizi
Azigeza no hirya ya Ndago
Zirirwa zivuga muri Ndorwa
Ngo: barimo umusore
Yitwa Indabukiramihigo ya Rubuga
Rubanda bose bamwikubiyeho
Ngo ahora abakura mu mahina
Yahuruye ku isonga y’iz’ibwami
Abanyabwoya ntabitayeho
Uwo ateye icumu
Rimurangiriramo n’umuhunda.

Uwo muhungu aho yaturutse
Ni kwa Rwabugiri
Bahoze bamuvuga ngo ni Rwigerezaho
Ni we wamaze abantu ku Rugezi.
Yatwitse urugerero rwa Mburahose i Rusekera
Cyasuri na Rusarabuge yahiye
Yirahiraga arohera hejuru y’intumbi
Nk’ubukombe bw’intare
Intwari zigifata Rutangira.

N’ubwo duteye kuri Rwasa
Aya macumi yombi nayambitse umusango
Nayasize inkaba
Nzi no kurengera inkomere
Iyo mfite inkundwamumahina
Nzihagararaho zikishingura inkurazo.

Rukangankagwe abitwaje inkwaya barantinya
Ngo ntabatera Rwangakuvuka
Naryivuganye mu rugo ikambere
Uwo ikamba ryizihiye
Ati: Nimukubite abanyamusozi
Babise Rusezerangabo
Avuge icyo yamariye umwami
Ku mwaro wa Ngoma.
Nti: Rugarama rwa Gabiro
Nahagaritse ingogo
Niba mbeshya murabaze Ingangare uyu
Ni we wasanze ingabo y’Ingwizabigwi
Urugamba irwegereza icondo
Icumu naricumise uwayirasaga ibigondo
Nkimushingira ko ari jye wishe Bigaruka
Ati: Mbwira ubwo muvunnye Biganda na Gishamura
Mwagiye nabavunije ishinjo
Ngo mutazarushwa n’iyindi mitwe
Mbwira uwatanze abandi gushahura
Nti: Hari mu ishiraniro
Urugamba rwananiye ibishagasha
Barashe Karengera na Karinganire
Impanga za Kanyamugarfa
Birakaza Kayondo
Ati: Ingabo za Kabare zirashize.

Rushitanabigembe ni jye washabutse
Muri iryo teme n’Inkubitaruguma
N’Iyombo Rutimburana
Na Rwiratiramihigo
Na Rudakubanamumahina na Muhindangiga
Ruti rucyaha Rutandi
N’Indatungurwa ya Rutamu
N’ingwe itarwana migezo
Urugezi rutarashira imbeho.

Imbabazamahanga na Ruhararamanzi
Bagumya kunshyiraho amaso
Bareba aho nsigana n’Imangu
Uwishe Bitana
Dutanguranwa ababisha na Biziraguteba
Na Muratasibe na Ruterabwoba
Na Rukataramumihigo
N’Imanga ababisha batemba ho.

Izuba ricyata ijuru
Ibijabura by’abatwa tubatera amacumu
Tumaze kubaca ibinyita
Twiyereka umutware
Mu itabaruka ni jye wasigaye ku kirari
Abazi kubyara ikimena
Bareba Kirangwaninkindi.
Kuri iyo nkiko nsigaye ndi mukene
N’iyi Nkerakurinda.

Bahera aho bandirimba
Bangeza I Nduga
Nkurikiranye n’Indatamihigo.
Bajya kuturikana ku Ndamutsa
Indengabaganizi tugeze ibwami
Abanyabwoba baritahira
Ingabo z’umutwe twiharira igitaramo
Umuseke utangaza nkivuga imyato.

Rwitabiramihigo atumira inka z’ingororano
Ati: Ndazigabira abagabo b’ukuri
Ahamagara Rwuhiramakuza,nti: Karame
Ati: Zikure mo iyo ushaka
Uyishengurukane wishima
Kwa Nyamashara ntimugira uw’inyuma
Inyamibwa zabyawe na Gahindiro.

pp.102 -108
Sipiriyani Rugamba. 1984. Abambari b’Inganzo Ngali. INRS: Butare, Rwanda.

IMFIZI ICUMITANA IBIGEMBE

Imfizi icumutana ibigembe ya Rugina
Mu rugerero sindakarema inteko
Intabaza yasanze ngangura intwaro
Intwaro mvanye mu ntagara
Avuze ko intambara ishaka intwari
Mu guhurura ndambura intambwe
Intore nzibera indongozi.

 

Ndakariye induru
Indabukiramihigo
Sinatinya abashyize mu ruge
Mu kurekera mvana mu gitugu
Mutanyamugabo nyaka intoki.
Ni iryamenyereye intumbi
Ndiboneza ndi intwari
Nyirintanage ndarimwisha.

 

Ndishinze mu mutima
Icyuma kimutebera mo n’imbuga
Rimuhutira hasi
Nk’uwo ku Rusumo kwa Mugara
Cyangwa umugaragu wa Basebya
Ryagaritse kuri Rwasa
Abasore tukiva mu ngando.
Ruganirabaganizi
Sindihererekanya n’abagaragu
Narigize Rugabanyababisha.
Rushirabwoba
Ibwami barimpereye kwica imimaro.

Abo mpora nimana ari nkomeri
Bazi ko naryuhiye inkaba
Sindigereka ku nkwaya
Inkundirwakuvusha
Rihora rimvana mu mahina.
Narihawe na Musinga
Ngo njye ndisogotana ku rugamba
Rugambwa rw’umunega
Narigize rugombamurango
Nta murambo rurazinga uruti.

I Murambi wa Gitanga
Ryishe abantu batatu igitero kimwe
Mu Kirorero kwa Kiroha
Narigiranye ikirindiro
Impunzi zimpariye ikirari
Mu Rugerero kwa Rwasimitana
Narigiranye ikirindiro
Ku Kirenzi kwa Nyamakwa
Ryakoze amaraso
Hakurya ya Sebeya narisize inkaba
Mu Nkomero y’i Buhunde
Narihamije Umugwabira.

Mu Rugali rwa Gatoto
Narikaburiye umusore w’umutwa
Ntibatera kabiri ritamusumiye.
Mugabo uterana
Riturutse mu baheshi
Wa Rushingabigwi
Rimwesa ari impingane
Mu mihigo ntawe ungisha impaka.

Nimanye Mpabuka ya Rwakibibi
Mu kibira cya Rutovu
Icumu nshahuza abanyamahanga
Narihururanye mvuna induru
Mbonye rifite indekwe ikomeye
Ndijyana gukora intambara
. Abazi ko ndi intwari
Bandirimba mu nteko
Bati: Imfizi y’intare
Agiye kuhira inti z’amakuza.

Adukuye mu makuba y’izi mpunyu
Ni cyo Impamirizagushyitsa
Ahora amuhera ingororano.
Uwavuzaga ingoma y’Impuruza
Abona Imparirwa ndatungutse
Na Mpambara n’Impamanyamakuza
Ati: Nshize agahinda
Ubwo hatabaye inda ya Gahindiro
Nimusange urugamba
Kwa Rugambwa
Ni mwe mwatsinze i Gisaka.

pp. 67-70
Sipiriyani Rugamba. 1984. Abambari b’Inganzo Ngali. INRS: Butare, Rwanda.

IMFIZI ICUMITANA IMISARE
Rukemampunzi

Ndi imfizi icumitana imisare
Ya Rusengatabaro
Ndi umusore uhamye
Sindi ingaragu.
Ingogo nayibanje uruguma
Murabaze Ingangare
Ni we wasanze Ingabo y’Ingwizabigwi
Urugamba irwegereje icondo
Icumu naricumise uwayirasaga ibigondo.

Imfizi y’inkaka ya Nkanika
Ndi inkuba nabiza inkwaya
Inkurazo nkazuhira inkaba
Izo nkomeri zose zinkunda nk’aho ndi se.
Murabaze Rwubusisi
Mu ntambara yo kuri Rwasa
Narasanye kuri Kagurusu
Ntiyasubirwa n’igisare
Seruhuga akomeretse
Ndilima na Bombi bambonye ho inshuti.
Nishingiye gushira ubwoba
Ibwami babimpereye inka y’ingororano
Ngo ni jye wacyuye ingabo zabo
Ngoma iriya na Rutangira.

pp .71-72
Sipiriayani Rugamba. 1984. Abambali b’Inganzo Ngali. INRS: Butare, Rwanda

IMFIZI IDAKUBITWA INSHURO
by Rukemampunzi

Ndi imfizi idakubitwa inshuro
Ya Rushingabigwi
Ndi umusore w’ishema
Sinishinze abanyabwoba
Ibwami bazi ko ngira ubwira bw’ababisha.
Nishe umuntu wa Basebya
Murasanira n’ababo
Bagira ngo simushahura
Mbanesha ari igisagara.

Sinakwa uwo nashyizeho uruguma
Rugwizakurinda yamenye ko
Ndi intwari y’ikirenga
Anyambika inkindi y’ikirangirire
Ngo niciye i Kirarambogo
Hirya ya Kigina.

Imfizi basingiza ndi umurasanyi
Iyarwesa ndi umusore w’impotore
Impamirizagushyitsa yaranteretse
Mubera mu ntore
Nawe ahora ambangurira intambara irinze.

Azi ko namubereye intwari
Ntawamburanya intumbi ya mbere
Ihora ari iya Ruvunintabaza
Izi Ntagengerwa naraziruse
Turasana ku Rusumo
Iriya kwa Mugara

.

pp.73-74
Sipiriyani Rugamba. 1984. Abambali b’Inganzo Ngali. INRS: Butare, Rwanda.

( icyivugo cya Rukemampunzi )

Rubangurandekwe induru ivuze
Ngo Indengabaganizi dutere impunyu
Ababyirukanye impuhwe bakiri I Mpinga
Rwa Mpabuka
Ndi Ruhanga rw’impenzi
Mpurura mbere n’impambara
N’impamanya ya Nyampame
Murabaze Impayamaguru
Azi ko ndi impanzi y’umugabo.
…  

 

Mabano (m):
arrows

Mafene (m):
challenger in shooting

Maganya (m):
sadness

Mageza (m):
trials

Makombe (m):
manly strength

Makuza (m):
arrows

Mambo (m):

Masabo (m):
arrows

Mashira (m):
words which end

Matabaro (m):
defense

Matata (m):
trouble

Matene (m):
type of bird

Mavugabandi (m):
the ones (words) which talk about others

Mazimpaka (m):
I put end to disputes

Mbanda (m):
I climb

Mbarutso (m):
trap trigger

Mbishibishi (m):

Mbungira (m):
I try to join

Mfuruta (m):
shield

Miburo (m):
warnings

Migabo (m):
brave

Migezo (m):
trials

Minega (m):
weapons

Mirimba (m):
who likes to look well

Miseke (m):
royal reeds/dawn

Mpambara (m):
tough warrior

Mpitabakana (m):
I pass by while they are drying the skin

Mpogazi (m):
adult cow

Muberuka (m):
machette (language of avoidance)

Mucumangendo (f):
the one who shortens the trip

Mudenge (m):
muddy water

Mugabukenga (m):
the man who is suspicious

Mugabushaka (m):
the willing man

Mugarura (m):
the one who brings back

Mugenzi (m):
friend/traveller

Mugemahica (m):
he who aims at the fatal spot

Mugemana (m):
who aims with

Mugemanshuro (m):
he who aims the strike

Muhakwa (m):
the one who seeks patronage

Muhigirwa (m):
the object of envy

Muhikira (m):

Muhimpundu (f):
give her congratulations

Muhire (m):
the lucky one

Muhirwa (m):
the one who has luck

Muhongeshanseko (f):
the one who gives smiles

Muhongerere (f):
give her rewards

Muhongerwa (f):
the one who deserves rewards

Mujijima (m):
typ of pearl

Mujinya (m):
anger

Mukabagire (f):
may you have them

Mukama (m):
milker/Ankole king

Mukamisha (f):
who helps to milk

Mukamugema (f):
who aims at the rigth spot

Mukamusana (f):
long dark hair

Mukamusoni (f):
who shows sympathy

Mukamuyango (f):
hunters’ song

Mukandamage (f):
comfortable

Mukangamije (f):
I plan

Mukansanga (f):
I go to visit

Mukantagara (f):
weapons storing area

Mukanyangezi (f):
river

Mukanyarwaya (f):

Mukanyemazi (f):
she who is useful

Mukanyonga (f):
girls’ loin-cloth

Mukarage (m):
rolled in hands

Mukaremera (f):
heavy

Mukarutabana (f):

Mukarutesi (f):
spoiled

Mukaruziga (f):
moustache

Mukiga (m):
mountain man

Mukurira (m):
who grows for

Mukuralinda (m):
he who grows up defending the country

Mukwende (m):
whom shall I give to him as a bride

Mukwiye (m):
the right one

Mulenzi (m):
noble

Mulindabigwi (m):
he who protects the heroic deeds

Munana (m):
he who refuses to obey

Munanira (m):
he who gives hard time

Mundere (m):
raise me

Munyagasheke (m):

Munyakarambi (m):
owner of a flat area

Munyakayanza (m):
inside of the house

Munyampundu (m):
who deserves congratulations

Munyandamutsa (m):
owner of the dynasty drum indamutsa

Munyangoga (m):
the one who has speed

Munyangango/Munyengango (m):
who is strong

Munyanziza (m):
owner of the army Inziza

Munyaneza (m):
nice person

Munyarigoga (m):

Munyanyebinja (m):
who has a swollen cheek

Munyentwali (m):
the owner of brave worriors

Munyeragwe (m):
who spends the night awake

Munyeshyaka (m):
who has determination

Munyeyinga (m):
owner of queenless bees

Munyinya (m):
acacia tree

Mupagasi (m):
wage earner

Murangamirwa (f):
the one the spend the time watching

Murangira (m):
the one who tells where the brides are

Murara (m):
the one who spends the night

Murasandonyi (m):
the shooter of the topi

Murekatete (f):
let her have fun

Murekezi (m):
defender of the country

Murutamanga (m):
greater than the cliff

Musafiri (m):
traveller

Musaniwabo (m/f):
who resembles parents

Musabyimana (m):
I ask him to god

Museruka (m):
he who goes outside

Musinga (m):
from basinga ethny

Musomakweli (m):
who reads well

Musonera (m):
who has pity

Musoni (m):
who has pity

Musheshembugu (f):
who has boys rushes

Mushonganono (f):
who has fingers’ spots melt

Mutabagisha (m):
he who doesn’t ask consult them

Mutabaruka (m):
he who comes back from war

Mutambarungu (m/f):
he/she who chases away loneliness

Mutambuka (m):
he who steps forward

Mutamuriza (f):
don’t make her cry

Mutagisha (m):
he who doesn’t consult

Mutangana (m):
he who doesn’t hate anybody

Mutara (m):

Muteteri (f):
spoiled

Mutumwambazi (f):
the one who is sent to bring perfume

Mutumwinka (f):
the one who is sent to bring cows

Mutungirehe (m):
where am I going to raise him

Muvunyi (m):
savior

Muyenzi (m):
muyenzi plant

Mwemezi (m):
who makes believe

Mwerekande (m):
to who shall I show him

Mwiza (f):
beautiful

Nyampame: Nyiringondo:
Ingondo (soma ingoondo) ni uturangabwiza abakobwa bambaraga ku maboko. Ni “bracelets” mu ijambo ry’icyongereza.

Ntaganda:
Iri zina rivuga ko ahorana umurava.

Nyangezi:
Iri zina twaryumva dutya: nya-ingezi. Ingezi=ikiyaga

Nyamwasa:
Iri zina bariha umwana w’umuhungu uvutse ari uwa karindwi, aribyo bivuga Nyandwi.

Naho (m):
it is there

Nayigiziki (m):
who have I done aingst him (god)

Ncamihigo (m):
I put end to chellenges

Ndabakenga (m):
I suspect them

Ndabambalire (f):
let me talk to them

Ndagije (m):
I entrust

Ndagijimana (m):
I entrust god

Ndahiro (m):
oath

Ndahindurwa (m):
I don’t want to be changed/converted

Ndakaza (m):
I anger

Ndakorerwa (m):
nobody works for me

Ndamage (m):
comfortable

Ndangamyambi (m):
I tell where the arrows are

Ndanguza (m):

Ndayambaje (m):
I beg him (god)

Ndayitabi (m):
I miss tobacco tonight

Ndayisenga (m):
I pray to him (god)

Ndateba (m):
quick to come back

Ndayizigiye (m):
I trust him (god)

Ndekezi (m):
country’s defender

Ndengejeho (m):
I have a surplus

Ndimbati (m):
shorty

Ndimukaga (m):
I am in trouble

Ndimurwango (m):
I am among enemies

Ndinda (m):
wait for me

Ndizeye (m):
I hope

Ndongo (m):
light headed

Ndori (m):

Ngabo (m):
warrior/shield

Ngaboyisonga (m):
elite warrior

Ngabonzima (m):
healthy warrior/shield in good shape

Ngamije (m):
I entend

Ngango (m):
strength

Ngarure (m):
irritable

Ngarambe (m):
majestic warrior

Ngegera (m):
crook

Ngendandumwe (m):
I go by myself

Ngirabakunzi (m):
I have friends

Ngiruwonsanga (m):
I have somebody to go to

Ngoga (m):
speed

Ngomanzungu (m):
white regime

Ngurumbe (m):
skillfull

Nibishaka (m):
if it (god) wants it

Ni(yi)bizi (m):
it is he (god) who knows it

Nicyolibera (m):
it is for that it happens

Nijimbere (m):
it (god) should go ahead

Nikwigize (m):
it is the way it (god) did it

Ni(yi)shaka (m):
it is he (god) who wants

Nkera (m):
I look at my best

Nkerabigwi (m):
I look at my best for my heroic deeds

Nkeramihigo (m):
I look at my best for challenges

Nkeramugaba (m):
I look at my best for the commander of expedition

Nkezabera (m):
I court whites

Nkomati (m):
ardor

Nkongori (m):
he who devours

Nkoronko (m):
waterbuck

Nkotanyi (m):
great fighter

Nkubito (m):
strike

Nkubiri (m):
harasser

Nkundabakize (m):
I like rich people

Nkuranga (m):

Nkurunziza (m):
good news

Nkusi (m):
shouter of war cry

Nsabimana (m):
I ask god

Nsanzabaganwa (m):
I join the Burundi princes

Nsanzabera (m):
I join whites

Nsanze (m):
I join

Nsanzurwimo (m):
I join the ruling class

Nsekalije (m):
I smile when it comes

Nsenga (m):
I pray

Nsengimana (m):
I pray god

Nsengiyumva (m):
I pray to the one who listens

Nshogozabahizi (m):
I harass challengers

Ntabahwana (m):
there are no people who are equal

Ntabomvura (m):
I don’t take care of them

Ntabyera (m):
there is nothing that is quite clean

Ntaganda (m):
I will not be disloyal

Ntagara (m):
weapons storage

Ntagugura (m):
I will not be awkward

Ntahobari (m):
there are nowhere

Ntakamaro (m):
there is no use

Ntakavuro (m):
there is no use

Ntamabyariro (m):
there is no offspring

Ntamahungiro (m):
there is no escape

Ntamakemwa (m):
there is no physical defect

Ntambabazi (m/f):
there is no merci

Ntambara (m):
war/fight

Ntampuhwe (m):
there is no compassion

Ntamavukiro (m):
there is no birth place

Ntandayera (m):
there is no clean stomach

Ntango (m):
giant jar

Ntashamaje (m/f):
he/she is not exciting

Ntawe (m):
he is nothing

Nteturuye (m):
I clean

Nteziryayo (m):
I am waiting for his (god’s) word

Ntibenda (m):
they don’t take

Ntibihangana (m):
they are not patient

Ntidendereza (m):
he (god) doesn’t leave people in the limbo

Ntigashira (m):
it (sorrow) doesn’t end

Ntijyinama (m):
he (god) doesn’t ask for advice

Ntirushwa (m):
he (god) cannot be surpassed

Ntukamazina (m):
let me insult names

Ntukanyagwe (m):
don’t be dispossessed

Ntuyahaga (m):
I live in an expandable area

Nzabonariba (m):
I will see it happen

Nzamba (m):
very tall

Nzamwita (m):
I will name him

Nzanana (m):

Nzarubara (m):
I will talk about it

Nzigamasabo (m):
let me decorate arrows

Nzigira (m):
I will survive by myself

Nzira (m):
path

Nziraguseswa (m):
it is taboo to push me

Nzirorera (m):
I will see by myself

Umulisa (Kalisa):
Umulisa ni izina baha umwana w’umukobwa, naho Kalisa rikaba izina baha umwana w’umuhungu.

Aya mazina yombi rero asobanurwa kimwe, uretse nyine ko bayaha umwana bitewe n’igitsina cye. Tuzi ko mu gihe cyo hambere inka yari ifite umwanya wihariye mu buzima bw’abatuye kariye karere k’ibiyaga bigari (Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Tanzaniya n’uburasirazuba bwa Kongo-Kinshasa). Bavuga ko inka zirisha naho abantu bafata ifunguro. Mu kinyankore (kimwe no mu gihaya) inshinga kulisa isobanura gutanga ifunguro (abantu) cg kurisha (inka) (mu cyongereza: to feed). Utanga ifunguro cg uhagarariye inka (mu gihe zirisha) bakamwita omulisa (mu cyongereza: cattle keeper/pastoralist). Umubyeyi yita umwana we Umulisa kubera ko aba yifuza ko na we yazaba umubyeyi (iyo umubyeyi yonsa umwana aba atanga ifunguro, umugabo na we yajyaga hirya no hino ashaka ifunguro ry’umuryango we). 

Muri make rero omuriisa = herdsman ( mu runyankore ntibakoresha inyuguti “l”; isimburwa n’inyuguti “r”, urebye ni kimwe no mu kinyarwanda)
kuriisa = to look after cattle while feeding.

Udahemuka (m):
he who is never dishonest

Ugirimfura (m):
he who has noble/polite people

Ukobizaba (m):
the way it will be

Umuberwa (f):
she who looks good

Umugwaneza (f):
nice person

Umulisa (f):
score

Umutangampundu (f):
she who gives congratulations

Umutesi (f):
spoiled

Unyuzimfura (m):
he who is liked by noble/polite people

Uramukiwe (m):
to whom it is his turn

Urayeneza (m):
he who had a good night

Urujeni (f):
beauty

Ushizimpumu (f):
she who is rested

Uwabandi (f):
she who belongs to others

Uwanyirigira (f):
she who bwlongs to almighty

Uwibambe (f/m):
she who belongs to the merciful

Uwihanganye (m):
he who is patient

Uwingabire (f):
she who is given as a gift

Uwishema (m):
he who gives pride

Umuco nyarwanda ni imibereho, imigenzo, imyemerere imyambari, imivugire, n’uburyo aba nyarwanda batuye igihugu bibana bikabererekana nk’abantu bakomeye ku isi ku isonga ryabo

Umuco nyarwanda ugizwe n’ibintu byinshi. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ibindi bihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika, U Rwanda ni igihugu cyunze ubumwe kuva mu bihe bya mbere y’ubukoloni, gituwe n’abaturage b’abanyarwanda. basangiye ururimi rumwe rw’ikinyarwanda n’umurage ndangamuco. Mu Rwanda hizihizwa Iminsi mikuru inyuranye izwi buri mwaka ndetse n’indi rimwe na rimwe leta yinjizamo. Guhera ku wa 07 Mata kugeza ku wa 14 Mata buri mwaka ni Icyumweru cy’icyunamo cyo Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994. Ku wa Gatandatu wa nyuma wa buri kwezi ho haba umuganda, rusange mu Gihugu hose. Uwo munsi wibanda ku bikorwa bigamije iterambere n’imibereho y’abaturage muri rusange kandi serivisi nyinshi zisanzwe zikora zirafunga kugeza umuganda urangiye.

Umuziki n’imbyino

Umuziki n’imbyino ni ibice bikomeye bigize imihango y’u Rwanda,

iminsi mikuru, guhurira hamwe, hamwe no kubara inkuru. Imbyino gakondo izwi cyane ni Intore, umwiyereko uzwi cyane ugizwe n’ibice bitatu

–Itorero, ribyinwamo abagore; imbyino y’intwari, ikorwa n’abagabo n’ingoma. Ubusanzwe, umuziki uhererekanywa hagati y’abantu mu buryo nyamvugo. Ingoma ni ingirakamaro cyane, abakaraza b’i Bwami babaga bafite agaciro gakomeye mu rugo rw’umwami

Mu busanzwe, abakaraza bavuza ingoma bari mu matsinda agizwe n’abantu bari hagati ya barindwi n’umunani. Uruganda rw’umuziki mu Rwanda rurakura cyane muri iki gihe, rufatiye ku njyana zo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, iz’abakongomani ndetse n’izo muri Amerika. Injyana zizwi cyane ni hip-hop, R&B ndetse rimwe na rimwe ragga na dance-pop. Abahanzi bazwi cyane bo mu Rwanda barimo : The Ben,  Meddy,  bombi bagiye babona ibihembo binyuranye, n’abandi benshi nka

Kitoko, King Jmes nabandi benshi cyane

Igikoni

Ibiryo byo mu Rwanda

bishingiye ku biribwa by’ibanze bikomoka ku buhinzi gakondo. Mu mateka, ibijyanye n’imirire bigenda bihinduka bitewe n’ubwoko butandukanye bw’abantu. Amafunguro yo mu Rwanda usanga akenshi arimo imineke, ibitoki,amashaza, ibijumba, ibishyimbo, n’imyumbati. Abanyarwanda benshi barya inyama,  inshuro zitari nyinshi mu kwezi. Ku batuye hafi y’ibiyaga kandi bafite uko babona amafi, bakunze kurya iyitwa tilapiya, Ibirayi, bikekwa ko byinjijwe mu Rwanda n’abakoloni b’abadage n’ababiligi,

ubu na byo birakunzwe cyane. ubugari busonze mu myumbati cyangwa ibigori na bwo bukunze kuribwa cyane kimwe no bice bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba. Isombe isekuye iva mu mababi y’imyumbati ikaranze ikunze kugaburwa hamwe n’amafi yumutse  Ifunguro rya saa sita ni imvange igizwe nibintu byavuzwe haruguru bishobora kwiyongeraho inyama. Burusheti y’ihene, Inka,

inyama z’ingurube cyangwa amafi, ni byo bikunze kuribwa abantu batembereye. Mu cyaro, utubari twinshi tugira umucuruzi wa burusheti uba waguze ihene, akayibaga kandi akayotsa. Izo nyama azigaburana n’ibitoki bikaranze.

Amata, cyane cyane ikivuguto, akunze kunyobwa mu gihugu cyose. Ibindi binyobwa birimo inzoga gakondo yitwa urwagwa yenze mu bitoki n’ikigage cyo mu masaka, igaragara mu mihango n’ibirori gakondo. Inzoga zicuruzwa mu Rwanda zirimo Primus, Mützig, Amstel,Skol ndetse n’ibindi…….

Ubuhanzi n’ubukorikori

Ibikorwa by’Ubukorikori gakondo byagaragaraga mu gihugu hose, nubwo ibyinshi byifashishwaga mu mirimo inyuranye kuruta uko byari umuteguro.Ibitebo n’imbehe ni bimwe mu byari rusange mu Rwanda Amajyepfo ashyira iburasirazuba bw’u Rwanda

azwiho imigongo, ubuhanzi budasanzwe bufitanye isano n’inka aho iyo migongo ikorwa mu mase yazo; amateka avuga ko iyi migongo yadutse igihe Gisaka yari ikiri ubwami bwigenga. Amase avanze n’ubutaka karemano bw’amabara atandukanye kandi asize mu tuntu dusa n’imisozi ishushanyije, bikora ishusho nziza

Ubundi buhanzi n’ubukorikori burimo ububumbyi, gushushanya no kubaza ibiti bikorwa ahanini n’abanyeshuri biga iby’ubuhanzi n’ubugeni bo mu Ishuri ry’Ubugeni ryo ku Nyundo, ishuri rukumbi ryabayeho mu Rwanda, kuva mu 1959 kugeza na n’ubu. Gusa muri iyi minsi hari andi mashuri agenda ashingwa agamije guteza imbere ubuhanzi bw’iyumvabona

Amazu

Hirya no hino ubona amazu ateye imbere atari yaba menshi cyane kandi n’igiciro ubwacyo cy’inzu usanga kiri hejuru ugereranyije n’ubushobozi bw’abaturage. Abanshi mu bari mu migi usanga birwanaho ngo babone aho batura kuko hatari hajyaho uburyo buhamye bwo kubonera abantu bose amazu yo kubamo

Kugeza ubu, abatuye muri Kigali bihariye kimwe cya kabiri cy’abatuye mu mijyi muri rusange mu Rwanda

Ubushakashatsi ku isoko ry’amazu muri Kigali (2012-22) buvuga ko ugereranyije hakenewe muri rusange amazu 458,256, harimo amashya 344,068 akwiye kubakwa. Ibi bivuze ko hakenewe:

-Amazu 43.436 yagenewe ibikorwa by’imibereho rusange (12,6%); -Amazu 186.163 ahendutse (54.1%); -Amazu 112.867 aciriritse (32.8%); -Amazu meza 1.601 ahwanye na (0.5%) muri Kigali honyine.

Mu gihugu hose, nta bushakashatsi bwari bwakorwa ariko burimo gutegurwa. Ariko biteganyijwe ko hashobora kuba ubwikube kabiri bw’uburyo bihagaze muri Kigali

Ibyagezweho ubu byerekana ko hari ukwivugurura mu bijyanye n’igenamigambi, gukoresha ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu cyane cyane ibikoresho bikenerwa mu bwubatsi, uburenganzira bungana kuri buri wese. Bimwe mu byatumye kandi bigerwaho birimo: Kumenyekanisha ibikorwa, gukora inyigo, kugerageza imishinga imwe n’imwe ijyanye n’imiturire, Guteza imbere igenamigambi ry’imiturire n’imishinga igamije gutunganya imijyi bikomeje gushyirwamo ingufu kandi bizatuma hirindwa ihuzagurika mu gucunga imishinga y’iterambere n’igenamigambi rinozwe.

N’ubwo hari imbogamizi zikiriho mu bijyanye n’amafaranga agenewe imiturire, uburyo bwo gutanga inguzanyo bwateye imbere binyuze mu gushyiraho inguzanyo z’igihe kirekire, kugabanya gato inyungu, uburyo bunyuranye kandi bworoshye mu bijyanye no kwishyura mbere, no kunoza Politiki yimiturire y’igihugu

Guteza imbere imiturire

Guverinoma yihaye intego kongera urwego rujyanye n’ubufatanye n’iterambere ry’imiturire hagamijwe iterambere rirambye. Hatangiye kandi gahunda yo kubaka inzu nshya zigezweho

Kwikorera ibikoresho bikenerwa mu bwubatsi ni bimwe mu ngamba za leta, aha harimo nko gukora sima, amatafari atangiza ibidukikije, kwihaza mu bintu bitandukanye n’ibindi. Mu Rwanda,  Inzego zishinzwe imiturire n’ubwutatsi zikomeje kwiyubaka.

Ubuvanganzo na firime

U rwanda ntirufite amateka maremare ajyanye n’ubuvanganzo bwanditse, ariko hari ubuvangazo nyemvugo bikomeye bishingiye ku busizi Mu buryo bwihariye mbere y’Ubukoloni, U Rwanda rwateje imbere ibitekerezo  (ubusizi n’umuziki gakondo), Ubucurabwenge (ibisekuruza by’abami bikunze kuvugwa mu mihango y’iyimikwa), Ibisigo (Ibisigo by’i Bwami). Ubundi indangagaciro n’ibindi bijyanye n’amateka byagiye hirerekanywa uko ibihe bigenda bisimburana. Umuntu uzwi cyane nk’umwanditsi w’amateka mu Rwanda ni Alexis Kagame (1912 – 1981), wakoze kandi atangaza ubushakashatsi ku muco gakondo ndetse no kwandika imivugo ye, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda yatumye haboneka ibitabo by’inkuru z’abatangabuhamya, inyandiko n’ibitekerezo byanditswe n’igisekuru gishya cy’abanditsi nka Benjamin Sehene . Hakozwe amafilime atari make yerekeranye na jenocide, harimo nka Golden Globe yiswe Hotel Rwanda, na Shooting Dogs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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