Intambara muri DR Congo: Ni iki twakwitega ko kiva mu nama ya EAC na SADC i Dar es Salaam?
Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gusaba ko intambara ihagarara, inkuru nyamukuru izaba itegerejwe ku wa gatandatu nimugoroba ni ikizava mu nama y’abakuru b’ibihugu by’akarere bigize Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) hamwe n’ibigize Umuryango wa Afrika y’Amajyepfo (SADC), aho Cyril Ramaphosa wa Afurika y’Epfo ari mu bemeje kuzitabira, nk’uko Perezida wa Kenya aherutse kubitangaza.
Niba Perezida Paul Kagame w’u Rwanda na Felix Tshisekedi wa DR Congo bahuriye i Dar es Salaam mu biganiro, bizaba ari intambwe kuko mu buryo buzwi baheruka guhurira imbona-nkubone mu nama kuri iki kibazo mu 2022.
Tina Salama, umuvugizi wa Perezida Felix Tshisekedi yatangarije ikinyamakuru Top Congo FM ko Tshisekedi azitabira iyi nama, gusa ntiyemeje niba azitabira ahibereye cyangwa ku ikoranabuhanga.
Tina Salama yavuze ko uruhande rwa DR Congo ruzajya muri iyo nama “gusaba ibihano bikomeye ku Rwanda, gukura ku butaka bwacu ingabo zose z’ibindi bihugu zitatumiwe, no kumvikana ku agahenge”.
Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga Olivier Nduhungirehe yabwiye France-24 ko kuri iyi nama Perezida Kagame yizeye kubona ibiganiro ku gahenge hagati ya leta ya DR Congo n’umutwe wa M23, no guhagarika imirwano.
ONU na DR Congo bivuga ko u Rwanda ari rwo ruri inyuma ya M23, ibyo izi mpande zombi zo zihakana.
Mu gihe abategetsi b’u Rwanda bavuga ko Kinshasa igomba kwemera kuganira na M23 nk’inzira yo guhagarika intambara, Kinshasa yakomeje gushimangira ko itazigera iganira na M23, umutwe yita ko ari uw’iterabwoba.
Dar es Salaam hazava iki?
Usesenguye ibindi biganiro byo kugerageza guhuza impande zombi kumvikana ku gahenge ko kuba hahagaritswe imirwano ngo hashakwe igisubizo mu mahoro, bishobora kugerwaho i Dar es Salaam.
Kuva mu 2022 amasezerano y’agahenge yagiye yumvikanwaho hagati ya DR Congo n’u Rwanda, aho abategetsi barwo bavugaga ko basabwe “gukoresha umubano bafitanye na M23” bakayitegeka guhagarika imirwano. Ibyo Perezida Kagame yavuze ko yemeye kandi yakoze.
Ayo masezerano ariko ntiyagiye amara kabiri mbere y’uko imirwano yongeraga ikubura, kuva mu gihe cya Bunagana kugeza umwaka ushize M23 isatira Goma igeze i Masisi.
Buri ruhande – FARDC na M23 – rwashinjaga urundi kwica amasezerano y’agahenge yabaga yumvikanywe n’abategetsi i Luanda muri Angola.
Kuri iyi nshuro i Dar es Salaam birashoboka cyane ko inama y’aba bategetsi na yo ishobora kugera ku masezerano y’agahenge. Gusa birashoboka ko ku rubuga rw’imirwano ho bishobora gukomeza kugenda uko byagenze na mbere.
SADC na EAC ntibibona ibintu kimwe
Mu gukemura amakimbirane muri DR Congo, umuryango w’ibihugu wa SADC mu mpera za 2023 wafashe umwanzuro wo gushyigikira leta ya Kinshasa, wohereza ingabo gufasha iza leta ya Kinshasa guhashya M23.
SADC, mu nama yayo y’abakuru b’ibihugu yo mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize, yavuze yeruye ko ingabo z’u Rwanda zifasha M23 mu bitero byayo kandi ishinja M23 kwica amasezerano y’agahenge ya Nyakanga(7) 2024 i Luanda.
SADC kandi isaba abategetsi ba politike na dipolomasi iki kibazo kireba gushaka umuti mu nzira y’ibiganiro, harimo n’ibya Luanda.
Ku rundi ruhande, Umuryango w’ibihugu bya Afurika y’iburasirazuba (EAC) wo, ubwo uheruka guterana, na wo mu cyumweru gishize nyuma y’ifatwa rya Goma, ntabwo washinje u Rwanda kandi wasabye Kinshasa “kuganira bitaziguye n’abarebwa n’ikibazo bose, harimo na M23 n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro ku byo yinubira
Mu cyumweru gishize abakuru b’ibihugu bigize EAC bakoranye inama ku kibazo cya DR Congo
Mu nama y’i Dar es Salaam – itaratumiwemo M23 – ipfundo ry’ibiganiro rishobora kuba rishingira kuri iyo ngingo.
Kuba EAC isaba Tshisekedi kuganira na M23, no kuba SADC isa n’ishyigikiye Tshisekedi uhagaze ku kuba atazaganira na M23, no kuba SADC ishinja u Rwanda gufasha M23, ni inzira zisa n’izinyuranye kandi zigamije kugera ku ntego imwe: ihagarikwa ry’intambara n’amahoro arambye muri Congo n’akarere kose k’ibiyaga bigari.
Igisubizo kizaboneka kuri iyi ngingo itumvikanwaho n’iyi miryango yombi y’ibihugu nicyo gishobora guha icyerekezo gishya iyi ntambara.
Onesphore Sematumba, umusesenguzi wo mu kigo International Crisis Group, avuga ku biganiro byakomeje kunanirwa gutanga umusaruro, mu mpera z’umwaka ushize yabwiye itangazamakuru ati:
“Aho bipfira ni henshi. Ubwa mbere, ni ukubona abaganira, abajya mu biganiro, batemera ko ari bo bari mu ntambara. Nta kuntu rero wazana agahenge mu ntambara utarwana.
“U Rwanda kugeza n’ubu ntabwo bigeze bemera ko bafite abasirikare cyangwa ko bafite n’uruhare mu bibera mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Ndi umwanditsi ahangaha kuri uru rubuga, ibindi mu zambaze.